More and more homes have been going into foreclosure over the past year or two than ever before. One reason is the poor economy overall, but perhaps the biggest reason is the sub-prime lending fiasco of the past few years that allowed too many people to enter into mortgages they shouldn’t have or couldn’t keep up with.

A foreclosure is legal proceeding in which the holder of a mortgage, or other lien holder, usually a lender, obtains a court ordered termination of the agreement and takes possession of the property.

When someone takes a mortgage or home loan, the lender obtains a security interest from the borrower who mortgages or pledges an asset like a house to secure the loan. If the borrower defaults on payment, the lender or mortgage holder can try to repossess the property. This is a foreclosure.

Besides failing to pay the mortgage note or loan, other lien holders can also foreclose the owner’s right of redemption for other debts, such as for overdue taxes, unpaid contractors’ bills or overdue HOA dues or assessments.

For a residential mortgage loan, the actual process of foreclosure proceeding can begin after the owner has failed to meet the mortgage agreement terms. Then the bank or creditor may look to take possession of the property so that they can recover their principle by reselling the property.

After foreclosure, the creditor will likely try to sell the property and keep the proceeds in order to pay off its mortgage plus legal costs. This is what foreclosing on the mortgage or loan actually is. Though there are some possibilities for the homeowner to reclaim their property at that point, it’s clearly much more desirable to avoid going into foreclosure to begin with.